1881 MAETHEBRWD AND TY BRITH CENSUS
MELIN Y COED, CARMEL, NANT Y RHIW ETC.
The fat lamb trade in Wales about this time began to take off.
Arable land was reducing and permanent grazing land was on the increase.
Farming generally in Wales was small scale. From 1880 a change in the law
allowed farmers to shoot game. After 1800 the Sheep Fair was no longer held on
the Great Orme following the Honey Fair. The first paddle steamer on the
Conway, the "St. Winifred", had been joined by the "St.
George". It had been decided to hold Voelas Manor Court every other year
instead of every year.
Urbanisation, wealth, communication, the size of the middle
class and population of the country as a whole were all on the increase
(Population in the past ten years had increased by 3.4 million).
The first lager brewery in Britain was built in Wrexham in 1880.
1881 saw Wales play their first international Rugby Union match on February 19
against England (which England won) and a few weeks later the Welsh Rugby Union
was formed. The Great Spring which had flooded the workings of the Severn
Tunnel had been sealed off (for the time being).
On 19 April 1881, Benjamin Disraeli died, aged 76. Queen
Victoria was grieved but was not able to attend his funeral because of protocol
though she sent a wreath, visited his grave and had a monument erected in his
honour in Hughenden Church.
Tenants were granted fair rents and greater protection from
eviction. The army and navy abolished flogging as a punishment, and Wales
agreed to ban drinking on Sundays.
Humphrey Williams and David Jones enumerated the census for Ty
Brith Isaf and Owen Hughes for Mathebrwd.
DYFFRYN AUR (Page 1 of Maethebrwd census records) Richard
James,51, born in Aberystwyth, was a Solicitor. His wife Anne, aged 58, was
born in Cheltenham. Ellen Roberts, their housemaid, was 25 and unmarried. She
had been born in Liverpool. Their cook, Elizabeth Griffiths was 20, unmarried,
and had been born in Towyn, Merionethshire. Their coachman was Henry Baker,
single, 35, from London.
TURNPIKE HOUSE (P1) Henry Prichard was 68 and a Llanrwst born
General Labourer. His wife Hannah was 52, born in Llangernyw. Their daughter
Anne was 16 and also born in Llangernyw, as was their son Elias12, a Scholar
BRYN MELYN Thomas Griffiths aged 64 from Llangernyw was a Farmer
of 7 Acres; his wife Jane was 56 and from Trefriw. Their son Thomas was 22,
born in Llanrwst, and worked as a Stonemason. Their other children were also
all born in Llanrwst, Robert, 15, William, 12, and Mary, 18.
1 PENTRE TAFARN Y FEDW Sarah Stansfield was Llanrwst born, 26
years old, and married to a miner. Her son Edward was 6 and also born in
Llanrwst.
2 PENTRE TAFARN Y FEDW Robert Roberts, aged 70, a Llanddewi born
stonecutter, was married to Catherine, 7o, also from Llanddewi.
3 PENTRE TAFARN Y FEDW John Williams, a Llanrwst born General
Labourer, was 79 and his wife Elizabeth from Holywell was 75. They cared for
their 6 year old Granddaughter, Elizabeth Williams, also Llanrwst born.
4 PENTRE TAFARN Y FEDW (P1) Llangernyw born General Labourer
William Jones was 55 and married to 59 year old Ellen of Trefriw. Their
daughter Jane, 25, was born in Llanrwst.
GROCER'S SHOP (P.2) Catherine Edwards was a 55 year old widow
who operated the Grocer's shop, and her 21 year old daughter, Margaret J.
Edwards, was unmarried and working as a Draper's Saleswoman. Both were Llanrwst
born.
5 PENTRE TAFARNYFEDW 73 year old widow Elizabeth Jones of
Llanrwst was a Shirt Maker
TYN Y CAEAU 44 year old William Jones farmed 6 acres along with
his wife Mary, 40, and children Sarah, 19, a seamstress, Elizabeth, 13, John,
7, Mary, 5, and Catherine, aged 1. All were born in Llanrwst.
CAE'R CEILIOG This family were all born in Llanrwst, namely
David Jones, 26, farming 33 acres, and his wife Ellen, 28, son Thomas, 2 months
old, Elizabeth M, his wife's unmarried 28 year old sister, a milliner. David
employed John D. Roberts of Festiniog, 14, as a farm servant (indoor).
TAI CANDRYLL Edwarad Roberts, 69, farmed 13 acres with wife Margaret,
43, daughters Margaret, 15, Mary C. 11, Elizabeth J, 8, and son John T, 4. All
were Llanrwst born.
RHYD LECHOG Robert Evans, 70, of Llangernyw, farmed 8 acres
along with his wife Gwen of Llanrwst, 55.
TYN Y FFORDD BACH (P.2) Bachelor David Evans, 54, was a Llanrwst
born general labourer.
TYN Y FFORDD (P.3) Llanfairtalhaiarn - born Evan Williams, 32,
farmed 24 acres. His wife Jane was 40 and had been born in Maenan.
CARMEL CHAPEL HOUSE Mary Jones of Yspytty, 60, was a widow and
worked as a charwoman. Her son Rees, 27, was a general labourer. Her daughter
Jane, 20, was a dressmaker, and her grandchild Mary was 12. The children were
all Llanrwst born.
HENFFRITH (P.3) David Jones, 38, farmed 35 acres along with his
wife, Diana, 37. Their children were Mary E, 4, and Sarah A, 2. Mary Roberts,
an 18 year old spinster, worked for them as a general servant. All were
Llanrwst born except Diana, who was from Maenan.
HENBLAS Llanfairtalhaiarn born Elias Williams, 39, was a Farmer
of 174 Acres. His wife Margaret of Llangernyw was 38 and daughter Ellen, 16,
was also born in Llangernyw. Son Thomas, 14, and daughter Mary, 4, were born in
Llanrwst.
LLWYN GORONWY (P.3) Llanrwst born widower Evan Lewis, 57, farmed
170 acres along with his unmarried Llangernyw born children Margaret, 26,
David, 23 and Thomas, 16, as well as Maenan-born daughter Ellen, 12, and
Llanrwst born John, 8, who were both at school.
FEDW Jane Williams (P.4) is listed as head of the household, a
77 year old widow farming 50 acres. Her son William, 35, worked as a farm
servant and his wife Elizabeth from Llangernyw was 25. Apart from Elizabeth,
the household were all Llanrwst born. William and Elizabeth's daughter Anne was
two, and little William was just six months old. Mary Williams, 14, was working
as a general servant, and Robert Roberts, 36, worked on the farm and lived with
the family.
LLWYN GORONWY 70 year old David Roberts farmed 80 acres. His wife
Jane, 68, came from Bryneglwys, but everyone else in the household had been
born in Llanrwst. Their son Maurice was unmarried, aged 34. Their other son,
William, was 25 and also single. Their daughter Ellen was 27 and unmarried, and
their grandson David Roberts, a scholar, was 8 years old.
TYDDYN UCHA Thomas Owen, a 74 year old widower born locally
farmed 40 acres.
HENFAES Widow Elizabeth Williams of Pennant, Caernarvon, aged
58, farmed 6 acres along with her unmarried daughter Margaret, aged 20 and born
in Llanrwst.
TYN TWLL on the road to Carmel was home to William and Dorothy
Jones, both born in Llanrwst, as was the rest of the household. William was 75
and Dorothy 70. Their son Pryce was 35 and his brother Lynch was 32. Also
living with them was Mary Jones, their grand-daughter, aged 27, an unmarried
general servant.
1 RHYD LOYW (P.4) David Williams, 39, was a widowed general
labourer living with his ten year old son, David, and six year old son Thomas.
All were born in Gwytherin.
RHYD LOYW (P5) The head of the family here was Elizabeth Jones,
an unmarried servant aged 23. She had two daughters, Ellen, aged 3, and
Elizabeth A, aged 11 months.
RHYD LOYW (P.6) The head of the Owen family here was Bangor-born
John, aged 36, a General Labourer. His wife was Ellen, born in Bettws y Coed
and at age 34 mother to John, aged 8, Jane Mary, aged 5, Elizabeth, aged 2, and
Ellen Anne, aged 1 month. The children were all born locally. Also recorded as
head was 80 year old John Owen, born at Llandegai, and described as a farmer of
120 acres, so demonstrating that he was the owner or tenant of the property.
His 46 year old son, William, had also been born in Bangor and was noted as
being aged 46 and described as a farmer's son. Listed next are John's Grandson
John Owen, also unmarried at 37, born in Llanrwst, and described as a farm
servant. John's grand-daughter Anne Owen was 19 and working as a general
servant, and his other daughter, Elizabeth Owen, aged 12, was also a general
servant. Local Richard Roberts, a 32 year old bachelor, worked for them as an
agricultural labourer.
HEN ODYN: Mary Roberts, 71 year old spinster born in
Cerrigydruidion, was a stocking knitter, and her lodger Mary Jones, also single
at 71, came from Gyffin.
COED Y BRAIN Owen Owens, 44, born in Bangor, farming 38 acres.
Jane his wife 48, born in Llanrwst. Their daughter Jane Owens was at school,
aged 11, Son Pryce also at school, aged 9; Dorothy aged 7 also at school, and
little Elizabeth aged just 5.
GARTH YR HWYLBREN (P.6) Robert FOULKES aged 72 was farming 40
acres; like his wife Anne, aged 76, he was born in Llanrwst. John EVANS, 50
year old bachelor, born in Llanrwst, worked as an Agricultural labourer, and
Anne Williams, also of Llanrwst, was unmarried at 64 and working as a general
servant.
TY NEWYDD (P.7) Maurice EVANS aged 59 was a retired locally born
farmer, and his wife Mary, 58, was born in Bethesda, Caernarvonshire.
1 GWERN RHISGL Lewis Roberts, 49, of Llanrwst, worked as a
general labourer. His wife Elizabeth was also born in Llanrwst and also 49
years old. Their son Rowland Roberts was aged 9, born locally, and attending
school, as was their son William, aged 5.
1 GWERN RHISGL James ROBERTS, 62 year old widower, born in
Trewydyr, worked as a Street Cleaner (Scavenger).
POETHFOEL Jane HUGHES, a widow aged 54, born locally, was
farming 35 acres. Her son Robert, 19, was unmarried and working as an
agricultural labourer. Her daughter Mary Jones, 23, born in Llanrwst like her
brother, was a blacksmith's wife. Their Llansantffraid-born agricultural
labourer, Robert HUGHES, was a 52 year old bachelor.
BRYN DYFFRYN Robert O. MOULSDALE, aged 75, born in Llanrwst, was
a Justice of the Peace (Other Local). The Moulsdales came from Anglesey,
originally, and his wife Jane H., aged 73, had been born in Amlwch. Their Cook,
Catherine Williams, a 24 year old spinster, had been born in Llanllyfni,
Caernarvon. Their Housemaid was local Mary Jones, 21 and unmarried. Their Groom
and Gardener Samuel CLARK was a 29 year old bachelor from Norfolk.
COED LLYDAN UCHA (Page 7) JONATHAN Family. Head was Edward
Jonathan, 43, a retired draper from Llangefni. His wife was also from Anglesey
(Rhosybol) and was 26. Their son Edward J; had been born in Ffestiniog,
Merioneth, and was aged 7 and attending school. Owen R. was 5, had been born in
Trefriw, and was also attending school. John Wallace Jonathan was 3 years old
and had also been born in Trefriw. Their servant Grace Roberts, 15, was from
Penmachno. Their Errand Boy was John E Prichard, a 13 year old Llanrwst boy.
Visiting them from Ffestiniog was 16 year old schoolgirl Grace A. Hughes
1 YSGOLDY (Page 8) David ROBERTS 36 of Llanrwst, Agricultural
Labourer; Hannah Roberts his wife, 36, born Llanrwst; son Robert Roberts aged
10 at school; David Roberts, 8, at school; Evan aged 5, at school; all born in
Llanrwst.
2 YSGOLDY William WILLIAMS, 45, Agricultural Labourer; wife Anne
49 of Gwytherin; Daughter Martha, 8, at school; Margaret A Williams,
Granddaughter, 4, at school.
COED LLYDAN (page 8) John JONES, Unmarried, aged 48, born in
Llanrwst, farming 50 acres. His brother was Michael Jones, also unmarried, aged
35, also born locally and farming the 50 acres. Their sister Catherine Jones,
also unmarried, was 55 and acted as their housekeeper. John's nephew John
Robert Jones, born locally, was 3 years old. Servant Catherine Owen, 24, was
also unmarried and came from Dolwyddelen.
SYCHBANT Cadwaladr EVANS, 74, a one-time miller, farmed 2 acres.
His wife Barbara of Trefriw was 57. Their son Owen was 34 and unmarried, and
worked as a stone quarryman.
1 BETHEL Owen JONES of Pentrefoelas, formerly an agricultural
labourer, was 81 and his wife Elizabeth, also from Pentrefoelas, was also 81.
Their seamstress daughter Elizabeth was unmarried, aged 56, and was also born
in Pentrefoelas.
2 BETHEL Widower Robert ROBERTS, 63, of Llanrwst was a highway
labourer. His servant Jemimah Williams, aged 54 and unmarried, was from
Llangernyw. Widow Mary Williams, 81, of Llanrwst, lived there as a lodger.
PONT Y CLWT William DAVIES of Llanrwst, 71, was formerly an
agricultural labourer. His wife Anne, 71, was also local. Their daughter Anne
was unmarried at 32 and worked as a seamstress.
FARM YARD TURNPIKE HOUSE Page 9 Recently widowed Jane EVANS, 40,
born in Gwytherin, worked as a Charwoman. Her son Robert Evans, an 11 year old
schoolboy, had been born in Llanfairtalhaiarn like her daughter Elizabeth, 9,
also at school. Jane also had a one year old daughter, Catherine, born in
Llanrwst.
The Calvinistic Methodist Chapel was being built at this time.
GWYLLT ISA Joseph JONES, 31, born in Llangollen, was a general
labourer. His wife, Jane, was 32 and was born in Cynwyd. Their son Evan, 8,
daughter Margaret E, 5, and son Robert E, 3, had all been born locally and were
all at school.
CERNIACH was uninhabited.
BWLCH Y GWYNT Recently-arrived Scot Thomas McGill 38, was
working as an agricultural labourer. His wife and children had all also been
born in Scotland - wife Cathrin was 40, son Thomas was 16, Daughter Jane, 14,
Charles, 13, Andrew, 11, William, 9, Agnes, 6, James, 3, and Robert, 1.
PENNANT Living at the big house was George William TINSLEY,
bachelor from Sedgley, Staffordshire, aged 33 and farming 35 acres with the
help of four labourers. Widow Cathrin Jane BULLOCK, 46, of Bilston, Stafford
(near Sedgley), was housekeeper; Elinor THOMAS, 18 and single of Llanrwst was a
servant, and Josiah JONES of Newmarket, Flint, a 39 year old widower, was a
farm servant living on the premises.
TY NEWYDD (Page 1) George KEYES, 39, of Gloucester, was a
shepherd, likely working for Mr Tinsley of Pennant, and living with his wife
Lettis, 37, of Wiston, Pembroke and son, Thomas, 1, born in Hereford.
PEN Y BRYN James ASTLEY, 42, of Sedgley, Staffordshire, was a
Forester or Woodman, likely working for Mr Tinsley and coming from the same
place. All except the youngest child were born in Sedgley, Anney, 33, James’
wife, Martah Lewisa, 7, and Anney Eliza, 6. Richart Pennant, 3, had been born
in Llanrwst, and the family seems to have moved here in the past four or five
years. Descendants still live in the area.
Tinsley, Bullock and Astley were all well-established surnames
in their places of origin.
PANT GLAS Elen OWENS, a 49 year old spinster from Capel Garmon,
was a farmer’s daughter on 50 acres, with a visitor from Llanddewi, Elizabeth
DAVIES, 11, also a farmer’s daughter.
To be continued. Rowena Evans
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